In traditional western medicine, the cause of low back pain is often believed to be a lumbar disc bulge or muscle spasm. The reason being related to the sacroiliac joints in the pelvis is often overlooked. The bones of the sacrum and ilium join together to create the sacroiliac joint. The motion made available at the joint is limited, but the movement also influences the pubic symphysis and L5-S1. The sacroiliac joint moves in a coupled manner with rotation and translation, meaning that one cannot be accomplished without the other.
This joint can be prone to damage causing hypermobility if ligamentous structures are involved or hypomobility if the injury occurs purely at the joint. The most common mechanisms of harm to the joint include falling directly on the buttocks, lifting in a torsional manner, stepping down, or getting out of bed. This joint can also become irritated after pregnancy because the hormone relaxin allows for a greater range of motion for the birthing process. Studies have shown that aging causes a decreased range of motion, and males have a more significant loss of movement.
Point to the most significant site of pain in your low back. If you pointed to the area next to the bony prominence of the pelvis called the PSIS, your pain is likely due to the involvement of the sacroiliac joint. Sacroiliac dysfunction can also cause hip pain and symptoms outside the calves, feet, and toes. Sacroiliac pain is shown to be increased primarily during time spent seated.
If you are looking to have the pain in your low back resolved, the best thing to do is schedule an appointment with a corrective chiropractor. On your first visit, the chiropractor will perform an exam to identify the structures involved and most likely perform x-rays to identify any arthritic decay. The doctor will also set goals and develop a treatment plan to reach your goals. Research has shown that 90% of people suffering from sacroiliac dysfunction experienced relief after 2-3 weeks of chiropractic care.